Cattle Manure Fermented with Biochar and Humic Substances Improve the Crop Biomass, Microbiological Properties and Nutrient Status of Soil

Co-composting of raw manure with other organic sources has recently gained the attention scientific community. In present study, and manures enriched humic substances (Humac) or biochar were co-composted to improve their physico-chemical properties. We conducted an experiment including variants consisting soil amended (M), + Humac (M H), B), unamended (control). Soil physico-chemical, biological, plant properties assessed altogether. All matured differed from each physico-chemically (nutrient content) in microbial composition, hence effects on observed parameters. Compared control, respiration enzyme activities related N P mineralization enhanced due amendment either manures. The M H treatment resulted higher pH as compared treatments, whereas B treatments revealed highest Corg contents final product, which was negatively correlated HA:FA. same manner, most prominent causing variations basal respiration. percent increase values enzymes C, N, P, further show potential modification a viable option boost fertility health.